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M. M. MONSANTO. APPARAT US FOR THE VAPORIZATION 0P LIQUIDS. .No. 441,106.

Patented Nov. 18,1890.

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M. MQMONSANTO.

APPARATUS FOR THE VAPORIZATION 0F LIQUIDS.

Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

INVENTOH mm) u L/QMMM J BY j m M AITTOBNEY' WITNESSESZ NITED STATES YATENT MAURICIO M. MONSANTO, OF HOBOKEN, NEWVJERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL SALT AND CHEMICAL COMPANY.

APPARATUS FOR THE VAPORIZATION OF LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 441,106, dated November 18, 1890 Application filed October 25, 1888. Serial No. 289,150. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MAURICIO M. MON- SANTO, of Hoboken, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the vaporization of Liquids, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Myinvention relates to apparatus designed for the vaporization of alkaline or saccharine liquids, in which a current of air or gases, preferably heated, is forced in intimate contact with a descending current of the liquid in a finely-subdivided condition, also preferably heated, whereby the air is made to absorb moisture from the liquid, saturating itself therewith, thereby concentrating, or reducing the Volume of the liquid to or near to the point of the crystallization of the contained solids. The air or gases for the purpose may be atmospheric or the purified products of combustion, as described in an application forjanother United States Patent filed October 25, 1888, Serial No. 289,151. The latter gases may be advantageously applied in the apparatus for the vaporization of saccharine and such other liquids which are deleteriously affected by the oxygen of the air, while the carbonic acid contained in the pro ducts of combustion will act favorably in carbonat-ing any excess of free lime the liquids may contain or which in the course of manufacture may have been introduced for clarification. The sulphuroi'is oxide may also act advantageously in bleaching the saccharine matter, it being now applied for that purpose.

The apparatus is very inexpensive, effective, and economical in its operation.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a modification thereof. Fig. 3 represents still another form of the same. Fig. 4 is a cross section on line V V, Fig. 1.

In the drawings, A represents a vertical the vessel D.

outer shell or chamber, herein indicated as cylindrical, (but it may be rectangular or any other suitable form,) surrounding, in Figs. 1 and 2, a central perforated shell or chamber B, which is closed at both ends. Into this central chamber 13 the evaporating air or gases are designed to be forced by means of a fan or other suitable device (not shown) through the conduit B, which is provided with a regulating damper or valve n, and escape through the perforations or slots 7) and impinge on the liquid, which falls in the form of rain 0 c from the perforated distributing pipe or chamber C, which is annular and fixed between the cylinders A B near the top of the latter. This distributing-pipe C is fed by the conduit 0, and the space between the pipe C and the chamber B is closed by a baffie plate or flange 10, so that the air or gases shall not move upward through this space, but he forced to pass up through and in contact with the falling drops of liquid.

The central shell or chamber B is secured in place centrally within the outer shell A, preferably by stays 1) b which are fixed above the annular pipe C,so that the shower of the liquid may find no impediment in its descent upon which to make deposit.

The shellsA and B are placed axially above a receiving-vessel D,of greater diameter than the bottom of the shellA, and open at the top and having a bottom discharge-gated and an overflow-pipe D, the. latter being at the level of the liquid in vessel D.

The shell A is expanded toward the bot tom, as shown at A A Fig. 1, and preferably just touches the liquid in vessel D atf, or it may be arranged a little above or below the surface of the liquid. This expansion or enlargement of cylinder A at the bottom is for the object of preventing the contact of the liquid upon the inside of the shell A when said liquid falls into the liquid contained in The crystals resulting from vaporization of the liquid will fall to the bottom of the vessel D, whence they may be removed through the gate d ,when desired, and the overflowing liquid passing off through the pipe D. The outlet from D is designed to be repumped into and through conduit C,- with the addition of fresh liquid to compen sate for that previously evaporated, or the liquid overflowing from the vessel. D may be conducted to a heatii'ig-vessel, (not shown,) from which it will be fed again through conduit C.

The vessel D may have heat directly applied to it to further heat and vaporize and concentrate the liquid contained therein.

I11 case the liquid is not to be concentrated as far as or beyond the crystallizing-point, the lower part of the shell A may terminate in an attached liquid-reservoir, as shown at K, Fig. 2, having a discharge-valve g at the bottom, so that the liquid may be kept in 0011- stant circulation, being repumped and discharged through pipe 0, after passing through a heater or otherwise; but in either form of construction the liquid falling down the cylinder A always falls without contact with any obstruction into the liquid in the reservoir below the cylinder.

Suitabledoors maybe provided in the shell A for inspection and cleaning or repairing.

The shell A may be supported in place in any suitable manner, as by timbers, (shown at S S,) and maybe enlargecLas shown in Fig. 2, at a point opposite the distributing pipe or chamber 0, to obtain a greater area of uptake at this point, and it may also be reduced higher up above the cylinder B, as shown in Fig. 2. Several of these devices may be placed alongside of one another in battery and may all be supplied by one blower for air, one pump for liquid, and one pan or one vessel D.

I do not confine myself to the precise construction of parts as herein shown, for these constructions may be varied in many ways to produce like results Without departing from the spirit of my invention-as, for instance, as shown in Fig. 3, the sides of the shell A may be provided with perforations X X near the bottom thereof, and the air or gases be forced through them from an annular drum L, that is secured about the lower portion of said shell, and has an inlet-pipe t to make contact with the falling finely-divided liquid, or the air and gases so admitted may be eX- hausted upward by a fan or other suitable device applied to the upper part of the cylinder A, in which case the cylinder B and its direct attachments may be dispensed with and the distributing-pipe C be enlarged,'as shown in Fig. 3; and in Fig. 3 the'cylinder of shell A is, as a further development of the enlargement A A (shown in Fig. 1,) made to expand from a point a little above the distributing pipe or chamber O to the bottom, in order to prevent, absolutely, the contact of the falling liquid with the inner surface of the said cylinder; also, in Fig. 3, an exhaust-fan M, provided with shaft and pulley r r, respectively, is fixed in a side of the shell A, above the distributing-pipe C, to draw the air or gases through the perforations a: x to bring them in contact with the falling liquid and then eject them from the said cylinder. It will be seen that in this my improved apparatus there is no impediment,'no object for the liquid to make contact with and become incrusted upon in falling through the cylinder, but that it falls directly into the liquid in the bottom receiver.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-- 1. An apparatus for vaporizing liquids, constructed substantially as herein shown and described, consisting of outer shell A, open at top and bottom, shell B, closed at top and bottom, having openings or perforations in its sides and centrally fixed within the shell A, so that an annular chamber is formed between them,liquid discharging and distributing chamber or pipe 0', with conduit 0 attached, conduit B, connected with shell B, for

introducing air or gases therein, and receiver D, set. beneath shells A and B, all arranged substantially as herein shown and described.

2. In an apparatus for concentrating or evaporating liquids, the combination of an upright outer shell or cylinder expanding toward the bottom, provided with openings for the admission of air or gases, with an annular interior liquid-distributing chamber or pipe, an annular baffle-plate fixed on orabout on a level with said pipe, and a fanfor creating an upward current of air or gases within said cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an apparatus for concentrating or evaporating liquids, the combination, with an upright outer shell or cylinder having an opening at the top and expanded at the-bottom, and provided with an interior and concentric annular liquid-distributing chamber or pipe, and a central perforated air-distributing cylinder, of a liquid-receiver of a greater diameter than the lower end of said cylinder, fixed axially immediately beneath the same, substantially as herein shown and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two witnesses, this 24th day of 0ctober,1888.

MAURICIO M. MONSANTO.

Vitnesses:

JAooB J. SToRER, CHAS. H. LOTT. 

